Abstract Background Testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is widely used in the diagnosis and management of nonobstructive azoospermia. However. its ability for predicting microdissection testicular sperm extraction in nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients with AZFc deletion remains uncertain. To investigate whether TESA affected the sperm retrieval rate (SRR) in NOA patients with AZ... https://chefesquipmenters.shop/product-category/dial-probe-thermometers/